What does the term 'resolution' refer to in microscopy?

In microscopy, the term 'resolution' specifically refers to the clarity of an image, which is its ability to differentiate between two closely spaced objects. High resolution allows for more detail to be seen in the specimen being observed, enabling the viewer to distinguish fine features that may be otherwise blurred together at lower resolutions. This is crucial for studying microorganisms, as the details in their structure can reveal important information about their function and characteristics.

While the size of the image, its brightness, and contrast can all play important roles in how images are perceived, they do not define the concept of resolution. Size may vary with magnification, brightness is influenced by the illumination and optics used, and contrast pertains to the differences in light intensity that helps to define the outlines of objects. However, resolution hinges purely on the optical limits of the microscope's capability to resolve details and enhance visual clarity.